The unit 62 heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is a unit of course level 5, which explains the crucial applications and rules of HVAC systems in advanced buildings. It presented students with a main idea like rates of ventilation, heating process, combustion methods, the use of the management system of building (BMS), and the system of air conditioning to control climate. The unit highlights the significance of HVAC in upholding tenant indoor and comfort air quality while meeting legislative and environmental requirements.
This unit discovers the reasons behind the HVAC, involving cooling loads, efficiently calculation of the boiler, and psychrometric rules and laws. It also explains the diverse types of systems of heating, such as radiant and forced-air, and criteria of selection for HVAC components based on these factors, like controlling humidity, compliance with standards and codes, and energy efficiency. Students learn about heat integration, technologies of air conditioning to give thermal acceptance and comfort, indoor quality of air in diverse types of buildings, from commercial to residential and industrial.
Furthermore, unit 62 emphasises the ventilation contribution in exchanging outdoor and indoor air to keep the moisture and purity of air, pollutants, and odours. It discusses the benefits of integrated HVAC systems over people unit ventilators, the significance of proper installation, and utilising the efficient energy equipment to decrease the operational costs. This course teaches the importance of observing standards such as ASHRAE 62.1 and 62.2 for system of a ventilation create and managing the indoor quality of air. In the end, the unit enables students to design, understand, and accomplish HVAC systems in different built environments effectively.
Unit aims
The significant aims of Unit 62 heating, ventilation and air conditioning HVAC are demonstrated to cater the main concepts of engineering in HND program.
- To recognise the significant principles of ventilation, air conditioning, and heating systems that include functions and components.
- To calculate and analyse the cooling and heating loads for designing efficient solutions of HVAC for multiple types of buildings.
- To discover the requirements of ventilation and standards of air quality to ensure certified, comfortable and healthy indoor environments.
- To generate skills to maintain, install and select HVAC equipment while considering regulatory compliance, sustainability and efficiency of energy.
Learning outcomes
Unit 62 heating, ventilation and air conditioning HVAC contains crucial learning outcomes criteria such as,
LO1: Explain the operating principles of non-domestic ventilation systems.
- Systems of ventilation:
- Requirements of ventilation: documents approval, occupant or process requirements
- Strategies of ventilation: centralised, all local systems, only extract, balanced systems and supply only, natural ventilation
- Components of the ventilation system and typical layout of the system
- Rates of ventilation:
- Ventilation rates calculation, process or occupants supply, requirement supply achievement for rates of room air change
- Volumetric and mass flow rates for digital room condition maintenance
- Fans:
- Operational characteristics and fan categories
- Fan laws and fan selection
LO2: Explore the range of air conditioning systems.
- Systems of air conditioning:
- Requirements of air conditioning: comfortable cooling requirements or closed control.
- The strategies of air conditioning have to be for plant air conditioning
- Loads of cooling:
- Heat increase estimation and loads of cooling
- Factors impacting the requirements of cooling load, room or building use, orientation and construction of the building, shading, and an increase in heat internally.
- Psychrometrics:
- Principles of psychometrics: properties and terms of psychometrics
- A process of psychometric plotting utilising charts.
- Psychometric chart optimisation for determination of heater battery, cooling coil, humidifier duties and frost coil
LO3: Investigate the operational characteristics of non-domestic heating systems.
- Systems of heating:
- Requirements of heating: comfort of occupants, approval of documents
- Calculations of heat loss: heat losses with the help of structure, U values and their optimisation in calculating requirements of heat load
- Typical systems components of a heating system with layout
- Fuels
- Characteristics and properties of common gaseous, liquid and solid fuels
- Combustion
- Principles of combustion
- Complete product and incomplete combustion with their implications
- Minimum requirements of air for stoichiometric combustion
- Reasons for incomplete combustion
- Efficiency of the boiler
- Calculations of the efficiency boiler
LO4: Describe the role Building Management Systems (BMS) have in controlling and monitoring HVAC systems.
- BMS requirements
- End user or client requirement and needs of operation, concerns of efficiency in energy
- BMS function
- BMS controlled systems: ventilation, access or security, air conditioning, lightning, heating
- Reporting or monitoring of energy
- BMS hardware
- Categories of available BMS hardware, benefits and limitations, cost and performance. Software controlling, accessing and controlling remote
Assessment criteria
The assessment criteria of Unit 62 heating, ventilation and air conditioning HVAC have great association with the learning outcomes.
LO1: Explain the operating principles of non-domestic ventilation systems.
- 1.1 Explain and compare two alternative ventilation strategies for a nondomestic building and recommend the most suitable.
- 1.2 Using the information from P1, calculate the ventilation requirements for the rooms in a nondomestic building.
- 1.3 Discuss the types of fans used in non-domestic ventilation systems and analyse their characteristics.
- 1.4 Evaluate and compare a number of passive and active methods used to help cool buildings, giving suitable examples.
LO2: Explore the range of air conditioning systems.
- 2.1 Explain the requirement for air conditioning in a variety of non-domestic buildings.
- 2.2 Estimate the cooling load requirements for rooms in non-domestic buildings using a recognised ‘rule of thumb’ method.
- 2.3 Analyse the factors affecting the cooling loads in buildings.
LO3: Investigate the operational characteristics of non-domestic heating systems.
- 3.1 Explain and compare two alternative heating strategies for a non-domestic building and recommend the most suitable.
- 3.2 Discuss the combustion properties of common fuels used in non-domestic heating systems.
- 3.3 Calculate the minimum air requirements for a given fuel and distinguish between complete and incomplete combustion, predicting the possible consequences of incomplete combustion.
LO4: Describe the role Building Management Systems (BMS) have in controlling and monitoring HVAC systems.
- 4.1 Describe the requirements of a building management system in non-domestic buildings.
- 4.2 Describe the functions performed by a building management system in a non-domestic building.
- 4.3 Evaluate the advantages of a building fitted with a full Building Management System.
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