Unit 20 applied programming and designing principles is a significant area of the computing curriculum, as it has a significant aim to equip students with the skills of advanced programming and a deep recognition of the software designing methods. The unit will also emphasise the op object-oriented programming and structures of their paradigm around the object and data rather than logic and functions. Students will acquire the way to apply the principles of op, such as inheritance, abstraction and encapsulation and polymorphism, which combine to foster scalable, maintainable and modular code. These principles are based on the development of systems with complex features that accurately generate the model of real-world scenarios and can be extended and maintained with efficiency over time.

The main emphasis of unit 20 is on the design patterns of applications with solutions which are common to the problems of software design. Learners will also get an introduction to the multiple patterns, such as singleton, prototype and factory. They will acquire the way to implement this software over time, and the reason for utilising them in the real-world scenarios of the real world. This unit also caters to the principles of SOLID, which contains a five-guideline set of promoting adaptable and robust software architecture. SOLID: single responsibility, open and closed, Liskov substitution, interface segregation and dependency inversion. Having a potent understanding of all these concepts enables learners to write the code which is easy to evaluate, scale and refactor. Whereas, decreasing the unintended side effects and risk.

Additionally, the theoretical knowledge of unit 20 also contains high practical knowledge. The students have the task for testing, designing and developing the tools of software for identifying the sets of large data, sometimes utilising the UML class diagram for the solution model. This unit also needs assessment for the learners to demonstrate their potential to advance programs, applications and data manipulation with construction. The software quality is offered with rigorous testing. Students also have the expectation to contain a comprehensive skill set. These sets make students professionals for the software development roles with the appropriate focus on the best design and programming practice.

Goals of the unit

The main aims of Unit 20, applied programming and design principles, are the basis of the Computing HND diploma.

• To investigate the properties of the OOP object-oriented programming paradigm, which include the class relation trip, such as aggregation, composition, association and inheritance.
• To identify the influence of principles in SOLID development (single responsibility, open and closed, Liskov substitution, interface segregation, dependency inversion)
• To identify the way of cleaning the techniques of coding with an impact on the optimisation of operations and structure when writing algorithms.
• To identify behavioural, structural and creational design patterns and their software design applications.
• To prepare a large application of dataset processing utilising the principles of solid, techniques of clean coding and appropriate patterns of design with justification of made choices.
• To implement and develop an appropriate regime of testing for the application, which includes tools and methods of automated testing, with the selected approach.
• To identify the effectiveness of principles in solid application, code cleaning and patterns designing in the testing and development of software applications.

Learning Outcomes

Unit 20, applied programming and design principles, contains the main aspects in the form of learning outcomes, such as,

LO1: Investigate the impact of SOLID development principles on the OOP paradigm.

• OOP programming with characteristics of the paradigm:
• Recognising the OO characteristics and their utilisation in code development. It includes polymorphism and capitalisation, destructor, constructor, abstraction, sub-objects, interface, redefinition and method overriding, containers and templates.
• Relationship of class-oriented objects:
• Recognising the OO relationships elements which include inheritance, realisation, generalisation, aggregation, dependency and composition.
• Patterns of design:
• Benefits and aims of patterns with reusable designs, for example, the solution of general reuse, data representation and independent language.
• Techniques of clean coding:
• Simple design, for example, high levels of configurable data, methods with consistency, polymorphism, constant names, meaningful variables and conditions of encapsulated boundary.
• Generating little functions by including minimal parameters, single actions, explaining codes with comments, descriptive names and consequence warnings.
• Code of structure source for separating vertical concepts, declaring variables, use with close and keeping short lines.
• Development of data structures and objects for single action so that they are small.
• Recognising the reason for non-static methods with static methods.
• Test designing to certify they are independent, fast and readable.
• Recognising the adverse design of tests, for example, immobile, repetitive, rigid, complex and fragile.
• Principles with solid design:
• Apply and understand the solid design parts component principles for making the software flexible, maintainable, and understandable. Include the principles of single responsibility, the principle of open-closed, the principle of Liskov substitution, principle of dependency inversion.

LO2: Design a large dataset processing application using SOLID principles and clean coding techniques.

• Large dataset with public domain:
• Application design which can accommodate large free existing 500-plus data sets, for example parliament list with members, registration of members with interest lords and commons, films with a list of public domain, for example, in the USA, books with a list of public domain, music and up public domain list.
• Data structures:
• Data structure utilisation in the development of applications, for example, array, queue, linked list, set, and multi-dimensional array.
• Application of tree categories that include recursive, passive and active
• Operations:
• Optimisation of application development operations
• Sorts optimisation
• Search optimisation

LO3: Build a data processing application based on a developed design.

• Implementation:
• Optimisation of accurate development and language tools, incorporation of security and expectations with maintainability.
• Quotes of program production which provide implementation with a design emphasising principles of SOLID, techniques of clean coding and patterns of programming.
• Interpret and understand the features of designing, requirements meeting, input, output and security processing, maintainability and portability.

LO4: Perform automatic testing on a data processing application.

• Categories of testing automation:
• Recognising the automation used in test of regression setting, generation with data setup, installation of product, interaction GUI, testing integration and testing of unit, defect login with main applications.
• Parameters with tool automation:
• Recognising the data-driven capabilities, meaning, login and debugging capabilities, Independence platform, customizability and extensibility, notifications of email notifications, and control of the friendly version.
• How can testing automation features support the run of unattended tests?
• Recognising the logic and updates of testing codes to make testing easier with the help of patching and the use of stubbing.

Assessment Criteria

The main assessment criteria of unit 20, applied programming and design principles, are connected to the learning outcomes.

LO1: Investigate the impact of SOLID development principles on the OOP paradigm.

• 1.1 Investigate the characteristics of the object-oriented paradigm, including class relationships and SOLID principles.
• 1.2 Explain how clean coding techniques can impact the use of data structures and operations when writing algorithms.
• 1.3 Analyse, with examples, each of the creational, structural and behavioural design pattern types.
• 1.4 Evaluate the impact of SOLID development principles on object-oriented application development.

LO2: Design a large dataset processing application using SOLID principles and clean coding techniques.

• 2.1 Design a large data set processing application, utilising SOLID principles, clean coding techniques and a design pattern.
• 2.2 Design a suitable testing regime for the application, including provision for automated testing.
• 2.3 Refine the design to include multiple design patterns.

LO3: Build a data processing application based on a developed design.

• 3.1 Build a large dataset processing application based on the design produced.
• 3.2 Assess the effectiveness of using SOLID principles, clean coding techniques and programming patterns on the application developed.
• 3.3 Analyse the benefits and drawbacks of different forms of automatic testing of applications and software systems, with examples from the developed application.

LO4: Perform automatic testing on a data processing application.

• 4.1 Examine the different methods of implementing automatic testing as designed in the test plan.
• 4.2 Implement automatic testing of the developed application.
• 4.3 Discuss the differences between developer-produced and vendor-provided automatic testing tools for applications and software systems.

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